High-Yield Anatomy Notes for FCPS Part 1 (MUST HAVE)

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High-Yield Anatomy Notes for FCPS Part 1

In this article, we are going to share with you important and high-yield anatomy notes for FCPS Part 1. These notes have been developed by an anonymous student who compiled a list of 300+ high-yield anatomy facts/pearls based on the past papers of FCPS Part 1 exam.

Below are the chapters covered in these high-yield anatomy notes for FCPS Part 1 exam:

  • The Back
  • Upper Limb
  • Lower Limb
  • Thorax
  • Abdomen
  • Pelvis & Perineum
  • Head and Neck
  • Mixed Topics

These high-yield anatomy notes for FCPS Part 1 are short and to-the-point. You can easily review them while you are taking a ride on a bus or sipping some nice tea/coffee in a restaurant. 🙂

For the ease of readability, we have tabulated all these high-yield anatomy notes for FCPS Part 1 so that you can easily read and skim through if necessary.

We hope that you find this post useful in your FCPS Part 1 exam preparation for the subject of anatomy. 🙂

 

CHECK ALSO: High-Yield Important FCPS Part 1 Facts & Pearls

 

High-Yield Anatomy Notes for FCPS Part 1

Below are the high-yield anatomy notes for FCPS Part 1 exam. The facts and their answers have been presented in a tabulated form for the ease of readability.

BACK
FACTS ANSWERS
1. Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column Kyphosis
2. Lateral deviation of vertebral column Scoliosis
3. Major feature of cervical vertebrae Transverse foramina
4. Vertebra located at level of iliac crest L4
5. Ligament that connects internal surface of laminae of vertebrae Ligamentum flavum
6. Ligament that checks hyperextension of vertebral column Anterior longitudinal
7. Ligament affected by whiplash injury Anterior longitudinal
8. Ligament which limits skull rotation Alar
9. Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in cervical area  Pedicle
 10. Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in lumbar area Pars interarticularis,
Lamina
 11. Common direction of all superior articular facets of vertebrae  Posterior
 12. Structure in contact with posterior surface of dens  Transverse ligament of
atlas (part of cruciate)
 13. Most commonly herniated intervertebral disc  L4-5
 14. Most common nerve compressed with herniated intervertebral disc  L5
 15. Spinal nerve affected by protrusion of the disc between C5/6  C6
 16. Thoracic intercostal space located deep to triangle of auscultation  sixth
 17. Vertebral level of lumbar puncture  L4
 18. Innervation of suboccipital muscles  Suboccipital nerve
 19. Roof of suboccipital triangle  Semispinalis capitis
 20. Floor of suboccipital triangle Posterior arch of atlas;
posterior atlanto-occipital
membrane
 21. Major vessel within suboccipital triangle  Vertebral artery
 22. Synonym for dorsal ramus of C2 Greater occipital nerve
 23. Inferior extent of dura-arachnoid sac  SV2
 24. Inferior extent of spinal cord  LV2
 25. Location of internal vertebral plexus  Epidural space
  UPPER LIMB
 26. Most frequently fractured bone of body  Clavicle
 27. Most frequently dislocated carpal bone  Lunate
 28. Most frequently fracture carpal bone  Scaphoid
 29. Name of fracture of distal radius that produces “dinner fork” appearance  Colleʼs fracture
 30. Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus  Axillary
 31. Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle  Ulnar
 32. Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus  Radial
 33. Nerve injured in wrist drop  Radial
 34. Muscle that is chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint  Deltoid
 35. Muscles innervated by axillary nerve Deltoid and teres minor
 36. Muscle that initiates abduction of arm  Supraspinatus
 37. Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff  Supraspinatus
 38. Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm Trapezius and serratus
anterior
 39. Tendon that courses through shoulder joint  Long head of biceps
 40. Chief supinator muscle of hand  Biceps brachii
 41. Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula  Long thoracic nerve
 42. Spinal levels of axillary nerve  C5 and C6
 43. Spinal levels to muscles of the hand  C8 and T1
 44. Dermatome of thumb  C6
 45. Nerve to thenar compartment  Recurrent branch of Median
 46. Innervation of adductor pollicis  Ulnar (deep branch)
 47. Innervation to all interosseous muscles   Ulnar (deep branch)
 48. Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus  Shoulder
 49. Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus  Intrinsic hand muscles
 50. Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome  Median
 51. Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome  Ulnar
 52. Paralysis of which muscles results in total “claw” hand  Lumbricals
  LOWER LIMB
 53. Boundaries of femoral triangle  Inguinal ligament, sartorius
and adductor longus
 54. Structure immediately lateral to femoral sheath  Femoral nerve
 55. Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath  Femoral vein
 56. Contents of femoral canal  Deep inguinal lymph
nodes
 57. Medial boundary of femoral ring  Lacunar ligament
 58. Structures that course throughout entire length of adductor canal  Femoral artery and vein
 59. Structures that course through only portion of adductor canal  Saphenous nerve, nerve
to vastus medialis,
descending genicular
vessels
 60. Muscle that forms floor of popliteal fossa  Popliteus
 61. Muscle that is chief flexor at hip joint  Iliopsoas
 62. Muscle that prevents pelvis from tilting when walking  Gluteus medius
 63. Muscle that extends leg  Quadriceps femoris
 64. Muscle that unlocks knee joint  Popliteus
 65. Muscle affected with “foot slap”  Tibialis anterior
 66. Chief invertors of foot  Tibialis anterior and
posterior
 67. Chief evertors of foot  Fibularis longus and brevis
 68. Ligament that checks backward displacement of femur on tibia  Anterior cruciate
 69. Ligament laxity with positive valgus maneuver  Medial collateral
 70. Most commonly injured ankle ligament  Anterior talofibular
 71. Ligament stretched with “flat foot”  Plantar calcaneonavicular
(spring)
 72. Joints for movements of inversion and eversion  Subtalar and transverse
Tarsa
 73. Major artery to head of femur in adult  Medial femoral circumflex
 74. Nerve affected with fracture of head and neck of fibula  Common fibular
 75. Tendon affected with avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal  Fibularis brevis
 76. Innervation of adductor magnus  Obturator, tibial portion of
Sciatic
 77. Nerve affected with tarsal tunnel syndrome  Tibial
 78. Cutaneous innervation to medial side of foot  Saphenous (L4)
 79. Cutaneous innervation to lateral side of foot  Sural (S1)
 80. Cutaneous innervation of heel  Tibial
 81. Cutaneous innervation to dorsal aspect of web between toes 1 and 2  Deep fibular
 82. Cutaneous innervation of most of dorsum of foot  Superficial fibular
 83. Major dermatome to big toe  L4
 84. Dermatome to small toe  S1
 85. Spinal level of patellar reflex  L4
 86. Spinal level of Achilles reflex  S1
 87. Locking of knee when walking suggests  Meniscus injury
 88. Major injury triad with lateral impact to knee Medial collateral, medial meniscus and anterior
cruciate ligament
  THORAX
 89. Dermatome around nipple  T4
 90. Vertebral level at inferior angle of scapula  TV7
 91. Structure that lies immediately posterior to manubrium  Thymus
 92. Rib related to oblique fissure of lung posteriorly  2nd
 93. Rib paralleled by horizontal fissure of right lung  4th
 94. Inferior extent of lung at midclavicular line  6th rib
 95. Inferior extent of pleura at midclavicular line  8th rib
 96. Inferior extent of lung at midaxillary line  8th rib
 97. Inferior extent of pleura at midaxillary line  10th rib
 98. Inferior extent of lung posteriorly  10th rib
 99. Inferior extent of pleura posteriorly  12th rib
 100. Innervation of costal pleura  Intercostal nerve
 101. Innervation of mediastinal pleura  Phrenic nerve
 102. Site for auscultation of pulmonary valve  Left 2nd interspace
 103. Site for auscultation of aortic valve  Right 2nd interspace
 104. Site for auscultation of tricuspid valve  Xiphisternal joint
 105. Site for auscultation of mitral valve Left 5th interspace,
midclavicular line
 106. Heart chamber with greatest sternocostal projection  Right ventricle
 107. Chamber that forms apex of heart  Left ventricle
 108. major chamber that forms base of heart  Left atrium
 109. Heart chamber that contains moderator band  Right ventricle
 110. Artery that determines coronary dominance  Posterior interventricular
 111. Usual origin of SA and AV nodal arteries  Right coronary artery
 112. Location of SA node  Cristae terminalis
 113. Major vessel that drains the musculature of the heart  Coronary sinus
 114. Innervation of fibrous pericardium  Phrenic nerve
 115. Most common cause of systolic ejection murmur  Aortic stenosis
 116. Rib associated with sternal angle  Second rib
 117. Vertebral level associated with sternal angle  Disc between TV4-5
 118. Location of ductus arteriosus  Between left pulmonary
artery and aorta
 119. Nerve potentially injured with repair of patent ductus arteriosus Left recurrent laryngeal
Nerve
 120. Veins that unite to form brachiocephalic Subclavian and internal
Jugular
 121. Veins that unite to form superior vena cava  Right and left
Brachiocephalic
 122. Termination of azygos vein  Superior vena cava
 123. Structures that lie to right and left of thoracic duct  Azygos veins, aorta
 124. Spinal levels of greater splanchnic nerve  T5-9
 125. Spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve  T10-11
 126. Spinal levels of least splanchnic nerve  T12
 127. Thoracic structures that can compress the esophagus Left bronchus, aorta and
Diaphragm
 128. Disease often associated with thymoma  Myasthenia gravis
  ABDOMEN
 129. Remnant of umbilical vein  Round ligament of liver
 130. Dermatome to umbilical area  T10
 131. Dermatome to suprapubic area  L1
 132. Vertebral level associated with origin of celiac artery  T12
 133. Vertebral level associated with origin of SMA  L1
 134. Vertebral level associated with origin renal arteries  L2
 135. Vertebral level associated with origin of gonadal arteries  L2
 136. Vertebral level associated with origin of IMA  L3
 137. Vertebral level of umbilicus  Disc L3-4
 138. Vertebral level of aortic bifurcation  L5
 139. Vertebral level for formation of IVC  L5
 140. Spinal levels to muscles of anterior abdominal wall  T7 – L1
 141. Structure that forms superficial inguinal ring  Aponeurosis of external
Oblique
 142. Structure that forms deep inguinal ring  Trasnversalis fasica
 143. Structure that form floor of inguinal canal  Inguinal ligament
 144. Bony attachments of inguinal ligament  ASIS and pubic tubercle
 145. Structures that form conjoint tendon  Internal oblique and
transversus abdominis
 146. Abdominal layer continuous with external spermatic fascia  External oblique
 147. Abdominal continuous with cremasteric fascia  Internal oblique
 148. Abdominal layer continuous with internal spermatic fascia  Transversalis fascia
 149. Structure that lies between protrusion sites of direct and indirect hernias  Inferior epigastric artery
 150. Type of hernia that enters deep inguinal ring  Indirect inguinal
 151. Most common type of hernia  Indirect inguinal
 152. Most common side for indirect inguinal hernia  Right
 153. Type of hernia that protrudes through Hesselbachʼs triangle  Direct inguinal
 154. Boundaries of Hesselbachʼs triangle  nguinal ligament, rectus
abdominis, inferior
epigastric artery and vein
 155. Type of hernia that traverses both deep and superficial rings  Indirect inguinal
 156. Fluid in processus vaginalis  Hydrocele
 157. Communication between greater and lesser sacs  Epiploic foramen
 158. Superior border of epiploic foramen  Caudate lobe of liver
 159. Inferior border of epiploic foramen  Part one of duodenum
 160. Posterior border of epiploic foramen  IVC
 161. Ligament that contains portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct  Hepatoduodenal (lesser
omentum)
 162. Structure that limits spread of ascitic fluid in left paracolic gutter  Phrenicocolic ligament
 163. Structuer that limits spread of ascitic fluid within infracolic compartment  Root of mesentary
 164. Superior extent of right paracolic gutter  Hepatorenal recess
 165. Most inferior portion of peritoneal cavity  Rectouterine pouch
 166. Structures supplied by celiac artery  Stomach, duodenum, liver,
spleen, gallbladder,
pancreas
 167. Branches of celiac artery  Left gastric, common
hepatic and splenic
 168. Blood supply to stomach  Right and left
gastroepiploics, right, left
and short gastric
 169. Major structures of bed of stomach  Pancreas, spleen, left
kidney and suprarenal
gland, diaphragm
 170. Ducts that join to form common bile duct  Cystic and common
Hepatic
 171. Structure that separates right and left lobes of liver  Falciform ligament
 172. Origin of cystic artery  Right hepatic artery
 173. Ribs directly related to spleen  Ribs 9-11
 174. Organs related to spleen  Stomach, colon, left
kidney, tail of pancreas
 175. Artery to small intestine  SMA
 176. Organs supplied by both celiac and SMA  Duodenum, pancreas
 177. Organs supplied by both SMA and IMA  Transverse colon
 178. Vessel located posterior to head of pancreas  IVC
 179. Vessel located posterior to neck of pancreas  Portal vein
 180. Veins that unite to form portal vein  Splenic and SMV
 181. Clinically importatnt organs for portacaval anastomoses  Esophagus, rectum, liver
 182. Two structures that lies posterior to SMA near its origin  Left renal vein, duodenum
 183. Three distinguishing features of the large intestine  Tenia coli, haustra,
epiploic appendages
 184. Termination of left gonadal vein  Left renal vein
 185. Termination of right gonadal vein  Inferior vena cava
 186. Location of initial pain of appendicitis  Umbilical region
 187. Motor innervation of diaphragm  Phrenic
 188. Sensory innervation of diaphragm  Phrenic + intercostal
 189. Spinal levels of phrenic nerve  C3-5
 190. Vertebral level that inferior vena cava traverses diaphragm  T8
 191. Vertebral level that esophagus traverses diaphragm  T10
 192. Structures that traverse diaphragm with esophagus  Vagal trunks
 193. Vertebral level that aorta traverses diaphragm  T12
 194. Structure that traverses diaphragm with aorta  Thoracic duct
 195. Structure that traverses diaphragm through crura  Greater, lesser and least
splanchnic nerves
  PELVIS AND PERINEUM
 196. Structure that separates pelvis and perineum  Pelvic diaphragm
 197. Two major components of pelvic diaphragm  Levator ani + coccygeus
 198. Two major components of levator ani  Pubococcygeus and
Iliococcygeus
 199. Two muscles which close lateral pelvic wall  Obturator internus and
Piriformis
 200. Means by which obturator internus exits pelvis  Lesser sciatic foramen
 201. Means by which piriformis exits pelvis  Greater sciatic foramen
 202. Innervation of detrusor  Pelvic splanchnics (S2-4)
 203. Remnants of umbilical arteries  Medial umbilical ligaments
 204. Chief artery to rectal mucosa  Superior rectal
 205. Most common type of pelvic inlet in females  Gynecoid
 206. Two remnants of gubernaculum in females  Ovarian and round
Ligament
 207. Ligament that contains ovarian vessels  Suspensory ligament of
Ovary
 208. Lymph nodes for ovary and testes  Lumbar
 209. Normal position of uterus  Anterverted, anteflexed
 210. Chief uterine support  Pubococcygeus
 211. Ligament that contains uterine vessels  Lateral cervical
 212. Structure potentially injured with hysterectomy  Ureter
 213. Relation of ureter to uterine artery  Inferior and posterior
 214. Structure that separates deep and superficial perineal spaces  Perineal membrane
 215. Bony landmarks between anal and UG triangles  Ischial tuberosities
 216. Lateral wall of ischioanal fossa  Fascia of obturator
Internus
 217. Structure that forms the pudendal canal  Fascia of obturator
Internus
 218. Structure that separates internal and external hemorrhoids  Pectinate line
 219. Lymph nodes for area superior to pectinate line of anal cana  Internal iliac, IM
 220. Lymph nodes for area inferior to pectinate line of anal canal  Superficial inguinal
 221. Major structure of deep perineal space  Sphincter urethrae
 222. Lymph nodes for glans penis  Deep inguinal
 223. Muscle which compresses the bulb of penis  Bulbospongiosus
 224. Muscle which compresses the crus of penis  Ischiocavernosus
 225. Muscles which meet at the perineal body  Superficial and deep
perineal, bulbospongiosus,
external anal sphincter,
pubococcygeus
  HEAD AND NECK
 226. Vertebral level of hyoid bone  CV3
 227. Vertebral level of thyroid cartilage  CV4,5
 228. Vertebral level of cricoid cartilage CV6
 229. Muscles that are innervated by CN XI  Trapezius, SCM
 230. Structures that course between anterior and middle scalene  Brachial plexus,
subclavian artery
 231. Innervation of omohyoid, sternohyoid and sternothyroid  Ansa cervicalis
 232. Innervation of digastric  Anterior belly = CN V
Posterior belly = CN VII
 233. Innervation of carotid sinus and carotid body  CN IX, CN X
 234. Major structures to pass through pharyngeal wall superior to superior constrictor  Auditory tube, levator veli
Palatini
 235. Nerves of pharyngeal plexus  CN IX, CN X,
Sympathetics
 236. Only muscle innervated by CN IX  Stylopharyngeus
 237. Structures that pierce thyrohyoid membrane  Internal laryngeal nerve,
superior laryngeal artery
 238. Only muscle to abduct vocal cords  Posterior cricoarytenoid
 239. Innervation of cricothyroid  External laryngeal nerve
 240. Innervation of laryngeal muscles exclusive of cricothyroid  Recurrent laryngeal
 241. Muscle that increases tension on vocal cords  Cricothyroid
 242. Sensory nerve to larynx superior to vocal cords  Internal laryngeal
 243. Sensory nerve to larynx inferior to vocal cords  Recurrent laryngeal
 244. Site of aspirated lodged fishbone  Piriform recess
 245. Afferent – efferent limbs of gag reflex  CN IX – CN X
 246. Afferent – efferent limbs of cough reflex  CN X – CN X
 247. Nerve injury that causes hoarseness following thyroid surgery  Recurrent laryngeal
 248. Chief structures that traverse internal acoustic meatus  CN VII and VIII
 249. Foramen where CN VII exits skull  Stylomastoid foramen
 250. Major arterial supply to calvaria and supratentorial dura  Middle meningeal
 251. Major cutaneous nerve of face  CN V
 252. Major artery to internal structures of head  Maxillary
 253. Spinal levels of sympathetic fibers to head  T1 – 2
 254. Autonomic ganglia for CN III  Ciliary
 255. Sensory ganglia for CN VII  Geniculate
 256. Autonomic ganglia for CN VII  PPG and submandibular
 257. Autonomic ganglia for CN IX  Otic
 258. Muscle attached to disc of TMJ  Lateral pterygoid
 259. Muscle that retracts mandible  Temporalis
 260. Major nerve to TMJ (pain)  Auriculotemporal
 261. Specific nerves that elicit secretion from the parotid gland  Tympanic branch of CN IX and lesser petrosal
 262. Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetics to parotid  Auriculotemporal
 263. Structure that opens into superior meatus of nasal cavity  Posterior ethmoid sinus
 264. Structures that open into middle meatus of nasal cavity  Frontal, maxillary, anterior
and middle ethmoid
 265. Structures that opens into inferior meatus of nasal cavity  Nasolacrimal duct
 266. Major artery to nasal cavity  Sphenopalatine
 267. Most common site of nose bleed  Kiesselbachʼs plexus
 268. Innervation of levator veli palatini  CN X
 269. Muscle that opens auditory tube  Tensor veli palatini
 270. Innervation of tensor veli palatini  CN V3
 271. Nerve that provides taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue  Chorda tympani
 272. Site of cell bodies for nerve that carries taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue  Geniculate ganglion
 273. Specific nerve that elicits secretion from submandibular gland  Chorda tympani
 274. Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetic to submandibular  Lingual
 275. Nerve injured when tonsilar pillars sag and uvula deviates  CN X
 276. Nerve potentially injured with tonsillectomy  CN IX
 277. Muscle that protrudes tongue  Genioglossus
 278. Nerve injured when deviation of protruded tongue  Ipsilateral CN XII
 279. Specific nerve that stimulates tear production  Greater petrosal CN VII
 280. Sensory nerve to cornea  CN V1 (nasociliary)
 281. Muscle that elevates and abducts eye  Inferior oblique
 282. Muscle that depresses and abducts eye  Superior oblique
 283. Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil  Lateral horn, T1 – 2
 284. Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil  Superior cervical ganglion
 285. Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil  Edinger-Westphal
 286. Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil  Ciliary ganglion
 287. Innervation of external surface of tympanic membrane  Auriculotemporal, CN X
 288. Innervation of internal surface of tympanic membrane  CN IX
  MIXED TOPICS
 289. Level where ascending aorta is continuous with arch of aorta  TV4-5
 290. Level where arch of aorta is continuous with descending aorta  TV4-5
 291. Effect of sympathetic nerves on lungs  Bronchodilation,
Vasoconstriction
 292. Effect of parasympathetic nerves on lungs  Bronchoconstriction,
Vasodilation
 293. Rationale for aspirated small objects to go to right primary bronchus  Wider diameter, shorter
and more vertical
 294. Needle location for therapeutic pleural tapping  Superior to 12th rib,
posteriorly
 295. Name given to portion of right ventricle prior to beginning of pulmonary trunk  conus arteriosum or
infundibulum
 296. Name given to orientation where uterus and vagina intersect at angle of 90 degrees  Anteversion
 297. Name given to orientation where uterine body and cervix intersect at angle of 10-15 degrees  Anteflexion
 298. Ridge located between sinus venarum and right ventricle  Cristae terminalis
 299. Nerve at risk when performing thyroidectomy  Both left and right
recurrent laryngeal nerves
 300. Specific muscle that holds patella in place  Vastus medialis
 301. First portion of quadriceps femoris to atrophy with injury to femoral nerve  Vastus medialis
 302. Last portion of quadriceps femoris to recover following injury  Vastus medialis
 303. Innervation to nail bed of middle finger  Median nerve
 304. Innervation to nail bed of ring finger  Ulnar and median
 305. Spinal nerve affected with herniated disc at L3/L4  L4

 

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